Data Management And Sharing System of China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases

Impact of Persistent Poor Sleep Quality on Post-stroke Anxiety and Depression: A National Prospective Clinical Registry Study

First author:范小伟 杨洋

Corresponding author:张宁 王春雪

sleep quality depression anxiety ischemic stroke

essential_information

  • Person in charge:范小伟 杨洋
  • Data Sources: CNSR-Ⅲ
  • Number of papers:CNSR-Ⅲ20200079
  • Published time:2022-06-13

2022-06-13

Published articles

Journal:Nature and Science of Sleep

Publication type: Original Research Article

IF(IF): 3.384

PMID: 35721879 Link To Pubmed Full text Download

Background And Purpose

目前在中国,卒中是导致死亡的首要原因[1,2],大多数卒中患者不仅会遗留有躯体残疾,还常合并有睡眠障碍[3,6]。 有研究发现卒中后会出现多种类型的睡眠障碍,包括睡眠呼吸暂停、失眠、昼夜节律性睡眠障碍、嗜睡、睡眠异常和与睡眠相关的运动障碍等,卒中后睡眠障碍患病率高达50%-70%[3,4,5]。无论是哪一种类型的卒中后睡眠障碍都会影响患者的睡眠质量。有研究发现卒中患者的睡眠质量并不是固定的,会随时间变化[7,8,10,11]。一项横断面研究显示急性期缺血性卒中患者睡眠质量下降(PSQI)的发病率为46%[8];而在2013年发表一项队列研究显示卒中患者第6个月睡眠质量较急性期好转[11]。但目前关于卒中后睡眠质量变化的自然病程并不十分明确,特别是缺乏随访时间较长的相关研究。 流行病学研究显示卒中后睡眠障碍会影响患者认知功能以及肢体的康复,进而影响远期预后[7]。动物研究发现短期睡眠剥夺增加2-脱氧葡萄糖的摄取、降低大脑糖原水平,增加大脑能量消耗,同时还会增加细胞外谷氨酸浓度、谷氨酸受体水平,加重缺血诱导的兴奋性毒性。此外,长时间睡眠不足的患者体内促炎细胞因子水平,如IL-1ß、IL - 6和TNFα会显著增加,进而增加脑缺血的炎症反应[12,13],影响卒中患者预后。可能意味着睡眠质量下降的患者卒中的预后较差。但目前国际上关于睡眠质量对卒中预后影响的相关研究较少。仅在一项纳入了104例卒中患者的队列研究中发现,睡眠质量差的患者,康复训练的功能预后越差[7]。 但该研究为单中心、小样本研究,并且随访时间较短。 因此,本文的研究目的:1)明确卒中后睡眠质量下降在卒中后各个时点的发生率 2)明确卒中患者基线睡眠质量下降对卒中预后(残疾、焦虑、抑郁)的影响 3)明确卒中患者持续性睡眠质量下降对卒中预后(残疾、焦虑、抑郁)的影响 4)明确卒中患者1年内发生睡眠质量下降的次数与卒中预后(残疾、焦虑、抑郁)的关系。

Method

Data were analyzed for 1619 patients with acute ischemic stroke from the Impairment of Cognition and Sleep after Acute Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack in Chinese Patients study (ICONS). The sleep quality was assessed at 2 weeks and 3 months using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale (PSQI). Poor sleep quality was defined as a PSQI score of > 5, and persistent poor sleep quality defined as a PSQI score of > 5 at each time point. Patients were divided into three groups according to the quality of sleep: good sleep quality, baseline poor sleep quality and persistent poor sleep quality. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale (GAD-7), and Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months after stroke were taken as the study outcomes.

Conclusion

Patients with persistent poor sleep quality are at added risks for depression and anxiety after stroke.

Main results

Persistent poor sleep quality was present in 70.2% of patients after stroke. Compared to those with good sleep quality, patients with baseline poor sleep quality did not show significant differences in disability, anxiety and depression. However, patients with persistent poor sleep were at increased risk of depression (odds ratio, OR 3.04, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.66-5.57, P < 0.01) and anxiety (OR 3.20, 95% CI 1.42-7.19, P < 0.01) at 3 months after stroke. Persistent poor sleep quality was not identified as a risk factor for functional disability at 3 months.